Autoclave Safety
Research Safety
Key Steps for Safe Autoclave Use in Laboratory Settings
Autoclaves use high-pressure saturated steam to sterilize laboratory equipment and materials. Proper operation is essential to prevent burns, explosions, and exposure to biological or chemical hazards.
Before Operating
- Only trained personnel should operate an autoclave. Autoclave Safety Training is available through the HSI learning platform.
- Inspect door seals, gauges and safety valves before use.
- Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including a lab coat, heat-resistant gloves, eye protection and closed-toe shoes.
- Never bypass or override safety features.
Loading the Autoclave
- Do not overload the chamber; allow steam to circulate freely.
- Use only autoclave-safe containers. Loosen caps and avoid tightly sealed containers.
- Place liquids in secondary containment trays.
- Separate materials by type, such as liquids, solids and biohazardous waste.
During Operation
- Select the correct cycle for the material being sterilized: Liquids: slow exhaust cycle Solids: fast exhaust cycle
- Standard sterilization cycles typically operate at 121 C for 15 to 60 minutes, depending on the load.
- Monitor temperature and pressure throughout the cycle.
- Never open the autoclave while it is pressurized.
Unloading Safely
- Wait until pressure reaches zero and the temperature decreases.
- Open the door slowly to allow steam to escape.
- Stand back to avoid steam burns.
- Allow items to cool for 10 to 20 minutes before handling.
- Use heat-resistant gloves and forceps when removing materials.
- Transport hot items using a cart when possible.
Emergency Procedures
- Burn injury: Cool the affected area with running water and seek medical attention.
- Spill or leak: Allow the autoclave to fully depressurize before beginning cleanup.
- Equipment malfunction: Shut down the unit and report the issue to your supervisor immediately.
- Do not attempt repairs.
Contact
Environmental Health and Safety
researchsafety@purdue.edu
765-494-6371