Freeze-dried vaccines explained – new video uploaded to AP Video Hub

In the video, she explains the history, process and future of freeze-dried vaccines. All videos in the Campus Insights series are free for download and use by all AP members and can be found at apvideohub.ap.org or by doing a general search on the Associated Press site. AP members may use the video or to pull quotes for print article or for broadcast or podcast.

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Alexeenko says that lyophilization, also known as freeze drying, refers to technology that removes water at low temperatures and pressure. This process is used to freeze dry food products such as fruits and vegetables, but lyophilization has applications in the medical field, as well. Alexeenko says that freeze drying vaccines preserves the very sensitive and complex active ingredients for long-term storage and shipping. Vaccines such as those used for COVID-19 would benefit from this process, as they currently must be stored and shipped in expensive refrigerated containers. Freeze-dried vaccines have been used in the past to combat and eradicate smallpox. Alexeenko says that lyophilization requires a vacuum, low temperatures and a sterile environment. As a result, this process is slow and energy intensive. She says that work is being done to make lyophilization faster and more economical for mass production. The freeze drying of new vaccines is an ongoing effort that is important for addressing the current and future pandemics.