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A friend told me of a commencement he attended where the speaker, to inject a little levity, advised the graduates, \u201cIn life, it\u2019s not who you know that counts. It\u2019s whom.\u201d (I assume at least the English majors in the crowd get it.) A funny line, but bad advice. It is who that counts. Not who you know, but who you are.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The further I go, the less I\u2019m sure how to answer the question, \u201cWho are you?\u201d Where to start? I\u2019m a Purdue employee, a happy husband, a father of four, a businessman, a former elected official, a Presbyterian elder, a history buff, and a mediocre golfer. Ancestry.com informs me that genetically I\u2019m more Syrian and Lebanese than anything else, but I\u2019ve got high percentages of Scotch, Welsh and a dash of Italian mixed in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
And I\u2019m a dog lover. I grew up in a family of them. We got all ours from the Humane Society, every one some sort of mixture. And every one was great: loyal, loving, a full member of the family. During those years, I adopted my mother\u2019s opinion that mutts are the best.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
We\u2019d all better hope Mom was right. Because we\u2019re all mutts here today. Hybrids, amalgams, crossbreeds, mongrels. Mutts. If you doubt that, go check with Ancestry.com.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
There are no one-dimensional \u201cyou\u2019s.\u201d Every one of you, when you pause to think about it, can already name a list of qualities that make up \u201cyou.\u201d That list will keep growing as you leave here and launch into the fascinating and varied lives you are destined to lead. You\u2019ll keep learning, and growing, and adding new elements to your individuality. The more facets a diamond has, I\u2019m told, the more brilliant it is; the same will be true for an ever more interesting and differentiated \u201cyou.\u201d The one certainty is that there will be no exact copies, no one just like you and, therefore, no one box anyone can stick you in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
But there will be people who want to take away your \u201cyou.\u201d There always have been. The pharaohs, monarchs, and warlords of old, to whom other people were mere tools, to be used and discarded. In recent times, the proponents of all the \u201cisms\u201d that viewed people as helpless ciphers in some predetermined historical trend, or valueless instruments of an all-powerful state. In the worst cases, some people were grouped together and treated as sub-human, not deserving to exist at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
These days, your individuality is challenged by some who seek to slap a label on you, to lump you into one category or another, and to assert that whatever you are, your choices have little to do with it. What matters is not what you think or do, they claim, but what group they have assigned you to. You\u2019re a prisoner of your genes, or of circumstance, or of some societal forces against which you are defenseless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Such views may be cloaked in caring, sympathetic terms, but they are deeply disrespectful of those they affect to be supporting. They are a denial of your personal dignity, and ability, and will power. Someone attempting to herd you into a group is someone with an agenda, and your personal wellbeing is not its main purpose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Your experience, and success, at this institution should convince you not to listen to such disrespect. In a few moments, when you walk up here, it will be your individual achievement we are honoring, and only you know how much individual effort it took to get here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
He eventually gave Colts fans like me a thousand great memories, but never one I admired more than Peyton Manning\u2019s first action as a professional athlete. At the news conference announcing his multimillion-dollar contract, the 22-year-old Manning was asked, \u201cWhat are you going to do with all that money?\u201d He answered, \u201cEarn it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The degree you are about to receive is not being conferred on a group. We aren\u2019t awarding it to any club, team, or fraternity you happen to belong to. It\u2019s not because of your hair style, eye color, or because your parents went to Purdue. Nothing entitled you to it. It is yours, and yours alone, because the work that justifies it was yours. You earned it. You.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The years ahead will bring new, even more difficult threats to your \u201cyou-ness.\u201d The onrushing technologies of artificial intelligence will, some believe, supersede and devalue human intelligence and judgment. When the machines we have made, which can already beat any human in chess, or at reading X-rays, or at discovering new drugs, race vastly past our ability to reason or to perceive reality, where will that leave us \u2013 actuarially, I probably mean \u201cleave you\u201d \u2013 as an individual?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In an emergency, will tomorrow\u2019s pilots take the controls or defer to the computer? Will the surgeon trust her eyes and judgment or allow the robot to make the incision the algorithm has chosen? Will the president yield to the sensors that tell him to launch the missiles right now, before it\u2019s too late? As one recent book posed the alternatives, will AI be a \u201ctool, a partner, or a rival?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In everyday life, when you have all around you gizmos that make Alexa look like a kindergartener, will you still be using the intelligence and reasoning skills that got you here today? Or will you turn over your \u201cyou\u201d to a dazzling device that, experts predict, will know you and your preferences before and better than you do. In other words, as the machines become more and more autonomous, will you still be?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
One of today\u2019s eminent philosophers thinks not. He writes that when 21st century technology \u201cknow(s) me far better than I know myself \u2026 individualism will collapse and authority will shift from individual humans to networked algorithms.\u201d1<\/sup> Call me old-fashioned, but I don\u2019t like the sound of that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Many of you are already contributing to the advance of these technological miracles and, thus, to the problems they will bring with them. Heaven knows where your future innovations will take us. All of you will be involved in the answers, because these changes and their challenges will be part of literally everyone\u2019s life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The answers start with you. Somewhere I came across another commencement speech, given at another university by Purdue\u2019s own Neil Armstrong, less than a year after he walked on the moon. He quoted Aldous Huxley: \u201cThere\u2019s only one corner of the universe you can be sure of improving, and that\u2019s yourself.\u201d That chore will only get tougher in a world where the machines are smarter than their owners, where it becomes easy to let the machines make the decisions. Quoting the same book I just mentioned, \u201c(R)eason alone may come to seem archaic.\u201d Some people may \u201clet their capacities for independent reason and judgment atrophy.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Due to other technological miracles, your life expectancy will be decades greater than ours from earlier generations. But that\u2019s not the life expectancy that I think about at these commencements. Purdue expects more of you than a long lifespan. Purdue expects that you will take the best of what you absorbed here into a world that becomes better for your being in it. That you will prove that you are in charge of our technologies and not the other way around. That you will, with Commander Armstrong, constantly improve that little corner of the world that is you. That you will politely but resolutely decline to be labeled, stereotyped, or reduced to any one-dimensional version of the true \u201cyou\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n At the outset, I said there was a larger reason I was so happy to be back in Elliott Hall. That\u2019s because, in here, over six separate ceremonies, Purdue still honors every graduate one by one. Most schools our size long ago went to batch processing, where degrees are conferred on groups, sometimes the entire class at once.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Here, we take a different view. No matter how big Purdue gets, we value each Boilermaker as an individual. That diploma we\u2019re about to hand you is yours and yours alone. Sure, you had help, and support, and I hope some valuable mentoring, but fundamentally you will be crossing this stage because of what you have accomplished. You.<\/p>\n\n\n\n So walk proudly. You are about to add another facet to the diamond that is you: \u201cGraduate of Purdue University.\u201d It will be far from your last distinction, but I hope it will always be one that you value as highly as your university values you today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hail Purdue, and each of \u2026 you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1.\u00a0Yuval Noah Harari,\u00a0Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow<\/em>\u00a0(New York:\u00a0Harper Perennial, 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n
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