{"id":28509,"date":"2024-04-10T08:19:15","date_gmt":"2024-04-10T12:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/?p=28509"},"modified":"2025-06-03T11:33:12","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T15:33:12","slug":"declining-pines-of-the-white-variety-purdue-landscape-report","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/declining-pines-of-the-white-variety-purdue-landscape-report\/","title":{"rendered":"Declining Pines of the White Variety – Purdue Landscape Report"},"content":{"rendered":"

Purdue Landscape Report:<\/a> <\/em>I think white pines are beautiful trees, especially at maturity, and they have the added advantage that they are one of the few conifers that don\u2019t try to kill you with their needles. Besides working with the foliage, have you ever had to \u201crescue\u201d a child who climbed too high in a spike-infested deathtrap of an evergreen? Did you develop the rashes to prove it? Not with a white pine!<\/p>\n

My kids haven\u2019t had the chance to climb a mature white pine. Many seem to decline at about 15-20ft. We have been describing this issue as white pine decline, but it isn\u2019t entirely easy to explain. There are a number of factors that influence overall plant health and that can contribute to plant decline, but let\u2019s focus on white pines here. White pine decline is typically attributed to root stress that can be caused by or exacerbated by high soil pH (chemically unavailable nutrients), heavy soil texture (clays), compaction, and excessive soil moisture.<\/p>\n

Anything that affects the roots can affect the overall health of the tree, so if the roots are compromised and they cannot uptake water or nutrients, the tree will decline due to lack of nutrients or even lack of water. Needles on an affected tree will turn yellow and eventually brown and fall off prematurely (Figure 1). A symptom of white pine decline includes stems that have shriveled or desiccated bark because roots are not functioning properly and cannot pull in enough water (Figure 2).<\/p>\n

\n
\"white<\/a>

Two white pines planted in the landscape; one is developing a general chlorotic appearance.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"white<\/a>

White pine showing symptoms of decline on branches where the bark is shriveled and sunken.<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

Depending on the severity of the root conditions, trees may take several years to decline and die, but with significant root stress, trees will decline faster. I have been seeing a lot of white pine yellowing around West Lafayette and in Indianapolis over the last year and a half and I think the odd environmental extremes have not been helping. Cycling between prolonged drought and torrential downpours lead to stress that can have lasting effects that could take years to recover from, or might be the final nail in the coffin.<\/p>\n

There is nothing that can be done to recover from or stop decline once symptoms are observed in white pine. However, taking an approach to actively mitigate stress can help extend the life of white pine trees that are currently healthy. In many cases, one white pine will decline while other trees in the vicinity appear healthy (Fig 3, 4). Removal of symptomatic trees is important because stressed trees often attract bark beetles which can spread to the remaining healthy trees.<\/p>\n

Another point: not every tree is going to respond the same way at the same location. Stress factors, such as a poor root system when planted, planting too deeply, or even Phytophthora root rot may have predisposed one tree to decline more than others. \u00a0Just because one tree goes down doesn\u2019t mean they all will, so keep an eye on the others and try to improve the site conditions where practical.<\/p>\n

\n
\"white<\/a>

A singular white pine amidst a windbreak showing symptoms of white pine decline.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"white<\/a>

View same tree from the other side of the windbreak.<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

To view this full article and other Purdue Landscape Report articles, please visit Purdue Landscape Report<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Subscribe and receive the newsletter: Purdue Landscape Report Newsletter<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Resources:
\n<\/strong>Root Rot in Landscape Plants<\/a>, The Education Store, Purdue Extension resource center
\nDead Man’s Fingers<\/a>, Purdue Landscape Report
\nID That Tree Fall Color: Sugar Maple<\/a>, Purdue Extension \u2013 Forestry and Natural Resources (FNR) YouTube Channel
\nID That Tree Fall Color Edition: Black Gum<\/a>, Purdue Extension \u2013 FNR YouTube Channel
\nAn Introduction to Trees of Indiana<\/a>, The Education Store
\nAutumn Highlights Tour \u2013 South Campus<\/a>, Purdue Arboretum Explorer
\nSubscribe<\/a>, Purdue Extension – FNR YouTube Channel
\nTree Defect Identification<\/a>, The Education Store
\nTree Wound and Healing<\/a>, Got Nature? Blog, Purdue Extension \u2013 FNR
\nShrubs and Woody Vines of Indiana and the Midwest<\/a>, The Education Store
\nAsk an Expert: Tree Selection and Planting<\/a>, Purdue Extension – FNR YouTube playlist
\nID That Tree<\/a>, Purdue Extension – FNR YouTube playlist
\nInvasive Species<\/a>, Playlist, Purdue Extension – FNR YouTube Channel
\nReport Invasive Species<\/a>, Purdue Invasive Species
\nFind an Arborist<\/a>, International Society of Arboriculture<\/p>\n

John Bonkowski<\/a>, Plant Disease Diagnostician
\nDepartments of Botany & Plant Pathology<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Purdue Landscape Report: I think white pines are beautiful trees, especially at maturity, and they have the added advantage that they are one of the few conifers that don\u2019t try to kill you with their needles. Besides working with the foliage, have you ever had to \u201crescue\u201d a child who climbed too high in a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,870,42,49,54,622],"tags":[60,895,265,1277,408,1174,495],"class_list":["post-28509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alert","category-disease","category-forestry","category-plants","category-wildlife","category-woodlands","tag-forestry","tag-purdue-landscape-report","tag-roots","tag-tree-root","tag-trees","tag-white-pine","tag-woodlands","audience-for-enthusiasts","audience-for-homeowners","audience-for-landowners","audience-for-professionals"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-04-10 22:45:15","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28509"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28509\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33237,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28509\/revisions\/33237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}