{"id":19987,"date":"2022-09-01T15:27:29","date_gmt":"2022-09-01T19:27:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/?p=19987"},"modified":"2023-03-20T12:54:06","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T16:54:06","slug":"deep-planting-and-compaction-on-established-trees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/deep-planting-and-compaction-on-established-trees\/","title":{"rendered":"Deep Planting, and Compaction on Established Trees"},"content":{"rendered":"

Purdue Landscape Report<\/em>, Using Pneumatic Digging Equipment to Correct Root Deformations, Deep Planting, and Compaction on Established Trees<\/a>: When transplanting trees, it is important to consider the long-term viability. Since the typical life span of an urban tree is 7-20 years (USDA), proper establishment techniques are very important to decrease this mortality rate. When a tree becomes established, it is much more difficult to correct below ground problems.<\/p>\n

Root deformations can occur for many reasons in established trees, but the most common are due to not making corrections prior to transplanting. Plants that have girdling and circling roots must \"Tree<\/a>be addressed at the time of planting. If this issue is not addressed many problems may ensue when the tree is established, which includes decline, tree failure, blow-overs, and more.<\/p>\n

Another common problem that occurs at transplanting is deep planting.\u00a0 In the past, plants were often planted deep in the nursery for two main reasons: 1) cold protection of the roots and root flare and 2) prevent the use of staking. In fields that are cultivated, the soil often mounds around the trees which can increase the depth of the root flare. Additionally, when planting into the landscape, trees can be planted too deep, exacerbating the problems associated with planting too deep.<\/p>\n

Deep planting can cause an increase in disease, insects, decreased tolerance to flooded soils, adventitious roots, and root circling\/girdling. Day and Harris (2008) found that there is significantly more girdled root at 30 cm below grade than at grade or 15 cm below grade. They also found that excavated trees at 30 cm had more girdling roots than non-excavated roots at 30 cm.<\/p>\n

Compaction can become an issue when trees are located in high traffic areas. Compaction will cause a decline in trees over time and become more susceptible to increased insect and disease pressure.<\/p>\n

Excavating the root system with a pneumatic digger is a method that can be used to correct all of these problems. Removing soil around the tree will allow root deformations to be located and corrected. Removing the soil around the collar to correct planting depth and girdling roots will increase the longevity of the tree. Compaction can be reduced by using a pneumatic digger to remove the soil from the root hairs that are typically located in the top 6 inches of soil for most trees (Morris, et.al., 2009).<\/p>\n

To read the full article with additional images and video please visit: Using Pneumatic Digging Equipment to Correct Root Deformations, Deep Planting, and Compaction on Established Trees<\/a><\/p>\n

For more information on correcting root problems after a tree becomes established:
\nStem Girdling Roots<\/a>
\nRoot Growth on Urban Trees<\/a>
\nTree Root Problems<\/a>
\nAir Digging Trench or Loosening Soil<\/a>
\nTree Planted Too Deeply<\/a>
\nRoots and the Pneumatic Soil Excavation Tool<\/a>
\nTree Preservation Efforts<\/a>
\nGetting Roots Right<\/a>
\nSupersonic Air Jets Preserve Tree Roots in Underground Pipeline Installation<\/a><\/p>\n

More resources:
\nRoot Rot in Landscape Plants<\/a>, The Education Store
\nAsk The Expert: Tree Inspection<\/a>, Purdue Extension- FNR YouTube Channel
\nAsk The Expert: Tree Selection and Planting<\/a>, Purdue Extension- FNR YouTube Channel
\nSurface Root Syndrome<\/a>, The Education Store, Purdue Extension resource center
\nThe Nature of Teaching: Trees of the Midwest<\/a>, The Education Store
\nTree Appraisal and the Value of Trees<\/a>, The Education Store
\nConstruction and Trees: Guidelines for Protection<\/a>, The Education Store<\/p>\n

Kyle Daniel<\/a>, Extension Specialists
\nPurdue University Department of Forestry and Natural Resources<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Purdue Landscape Report, Using Pneumatic Digging Equipment to Correct Root Deformations, Deep Planting, and Compaction on Established Trees: When transplanting trees, it is important to consider the long-term viability. Since the typical life span of an urban tree is 7-20 years (USDA), proper establishment techniques are very important to decrease this mortality rate. When a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,45,49,54,622],"tags":[60,895,408,410],"class_list":["post-19987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-forestry","category-howto","category-plants","category-wildlife","category-woodlands","tag-forestry","tag-purdue-landscape-report","tag-trees","tag-urban","audience-for-enthusiasts","audience-for-homeowners","audience-for-landowners","audience-for-professionals"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19987"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19987\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35343,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19987\/revisions\/35343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/fnr\/extension\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}