Land surface and Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL)
Sun and Ogura (1979) presented a second order closure scheme for moist atmosphere. Their parameterization is capable of reproducing moisture and heat fluxes, as well as the covariance between moisture and temperature, etc. as observed. Sun and Chang (1986a, b) and Sun (1988, 1989) expanded the Sun and Ogura parameterization and developed a new high-order turbulence air pollution model. By including the covariance of temperature and concentration, this simulator is the first turbulence-parameterization model to reproduce both descending and bouncing of high concentration (due to a strong counter-gradient flux of concentration), in the convective boundary layer observed by Deardorff and Willis in the laboratory.
Illustrations
Play the slideshow, or click a thumbnail image to view the full-size illustration.
 |
Non-dimensional cross-wind integrated concentration Cy* for zs = 0.75 Zi , 0.49 Zi , 0.24 Zi , and 0.067 Zi calculated from the present model. The interval of the contours is 0.2. |
 |
Observed and model surface and soil temperature during FIFE experiment. (Bosilovich and Sun 1998) |
 |
Observed and simulated volumetric soil moisture at surface and 1-m. (Bosilovich and Sun 1998) |
 |
Observed and simulated equivalent water depth of watershed at Sleepers River, Vermont, between November and May from 1969 to 1974. |
Publications
Hsu, W. R., J. P. Hou, C. C. Wu, and W. Y. Sun, 2004: Large-eddy simulation of cloud streets over the east China sea during cold-air outbreak events. 16th Symposium on Boundary Layer and Turbulence; August 9-13, 2004; Portland, Maine.
Sun, W. Y. and R. Y. Sun, 2004: Chapter 2: Relationship between Canopy and Climate. In: Dr. C. Tsay, ed. Protected Horticulture Science. Taiwan: Research Institute of Agriculture.
Yang, K., R. Jacko, and W. Y. Sun, 2003: Regional Air Quality: Development of a Numerical Model for Pollutant Transport and Photochemistry with Meteorological Process. May 7–9, 2003; Purdue Environmental Science and Engineering.
Sun, W. Y. and J.-D. Chern, 2004: One dimensional snow-land surface model applied to Sleepers experiment. (will appear in Boundary Layer Meteorol.)
Sun, W. Y., 2001: Interactions among atmosphere, soil, and vegetation. In: Yang, Lin and Lin, ed. Applications and Development of Agrometeorology. Taiwan: Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute and Chinese Society of Agrometeorology. 69–92.
Bosilovich, M. B., and W. Y. Sun, 1998: Monthly simulation of surface layer fluxes and soil properties during FIFE. J. Atmos. Sci. 55, 1170–1183.
Sun, W. Y. and J. D. Chern, 1998: Air-sea-ice model applied in the Arctic region. Session A72D-06; AGU 1998 Fall Meeting; November 10, 1998.
Chern, J. D. and W. Y. Sun, 1998: Formulation and validation of a snow model. Session A11A-06; AGU 1998 Fall Meeting; November 10, 1998.
Sun, W. Y., 1993: Numerical simulation of a planetary boundary layer: Part I. Cloud-free case. Beitrage zur Physik der Atmosphare. 66, 3–16.
Sun, W. Y., 1993: Numerical simulation of a planetary boundary layer: Part II. Cloudy case. Beitrage zur Physik der Atmosphare. 66, 17–30.
Hsu, W.-R., and W. Y. Sun, 1992: Reply to “Comment on the numerical study of mesoscale cellular convection.” Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 60, 405–406.
Hsu, W.-R., and W. Y. Sun, 1991: Numerical study of mesoscale cellular convection. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 57, 167–186.
Wu, C.-C. and W. Y. Sun, 1990: Diurnal oscillation of convective boundary layer: Part I. Cloud-free Atmosphere. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 1, 23–43.
Wu, C.-C. and W. Y. Sun, 1990: Diurnal oscillation of convective boundary layer: Part II. Cloudy Atmosphere. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 2, 157–174.
Sun, W. Y. and A. Yildirim, 1989: Air mass modification over Lake Michigan. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 48, 345–360.
Sun, W. Y., 1989: Diffusion modeling in a convective boundary layer. Atmospheric Environment 23, 1205–1217.
Sun, W. Y. and W. R. Hsu, 1988: Numerical study of cold air outbreak over the warm ocean. J. Atmos. Sci. 45, 1205–1227.
Sun, W. Y., 1988: Air pollution in a convective atmosphere. In: Cheremisinoff, ed. Library of Environmental Control Technology. Gulf Publishing. 515–546.
Sun, W. Y., 1987: Mesoscale convection along the dryline. J. Atmos. Sci. 44, 1394–1403.
Sun, W. Y., 1986: Air pollution in a convective boundary. Atmospheric Environment 20, 1877–1886.
Sun, W. Y. and C. Z. Chang, 1986a: Diffusion model for a convective layer: Part I. Numerical simulation of a convective boundary layer. J. Climate and Appl. Meteor. 25, 1445–1453.
Sun, W. Y. and C. Z. Chang, 1986b: Diffusion model for a convective layer: Part II. Plume released from a continuous point source. J. Climate and Appl. Meteor. 25, 1454–1463.
Sun, W. Y. and W. R. Hsu, 1985: Numerical simulation of atmospheric mesoscale convection. In: Numrich, W., ed. Supercomputer Application. Plenum Publishing. 145–158.
Sun, W. Y., 1984c: Pollution in the atmosphere. NATPA Bulletin 4, 30–32.
Sun, W. Y., 1983: Review of atmospheric turbulence and air pollution modeling. EOS 63, 32.
Sun, W. Y., 1982: Cloud bands in the atmosphere. In: Agee and Asai, ed. Cloud Dynamics. Boston: Reidel Publishing. 179–191.
Sun, W. Y., and I. Orlanski, 1981a: Large mesoscale convection and sea breeze circulation: Part I. Linear stability analysis. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 1675–1693.
Sun, W. Y. and I. Orlanski, 1981b: Large mesoscale convection and sea breeze circulation: Part II. Non-Linear numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 1694–1706.
Sun, W. Y., 1981: Review of thermal convection. In: Review of Meteorological Topics. Taipei: National Taiwan University. 148–166.
Sun, W. Y. and Y. Ogura, 1980: Modeling the evolution of the convective planetary boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 1558–1572.
Sun, W. Y., and Y. Ogura, 1979: Boundary-layer forcing as a possible trigger to a squall-line formation. J. Atmos. Sci. 36, 235–254.
Sun, W. Y., 1978: Stability of deep cloud streets. J. Atmos. Sci. 35, 466–483.
Sun, W. Y., 1976: Linear stability of penetrative convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 33, 1911–1920.
Kuo, H. L., and W. Y. Sun, 1976: Convection in the lower atmosphere and its effects. J. Atmos. Sci. 33, 21–40.